My Interpretation Of Critical Thinking - 1482 Words

My interpretation of Critical Thinking has been challenged by the author of this passage by the dean of college arts and sciences of Santa Carla University author and narrator Peter A Facione. I have come to the conclusion that my initial thoughts of what critical thinking was way off. The author has the reader asking himself questions, and forming scenarios where we actually had to use critical thinking. I think this method of understanding is a great way to teach new readers. Right off the bat Facione has us questioning our initial thoughts. I have a feeling this technique is going to be one of our tools as we come to understand what exactly Critical Thinking is. The author states his goal of his passage is to help the reader sharpen†¦show more content†¦I thought it was interesting how the author explains how the whole court kind of works in sync with each other. Everyone in the room has to come up with a conclusion and this can’t be done without critical thinking. I am pretty sure if Critical Thinking hasn’t been embedded in our social environment, there would be a lot of injustice and a lot of unfinished common goals. Critical thinking in my opinion, and I am sure others would agree its purpose is not just to get to a conclusion. Critical Thinking can help you understand other people’s opinions, and point of views. So far Facione has my undivided attention, because I think he is giving information out to help build a stronger mind in his readers. I really like how the Author is asking us to ask ourselves, where we are in society when it comes to how good and how much you use critical thinking every day. So the author then goes back to his point on what the experts think the core of critical thinking is and they came up with a few terms. The terms are as listed; interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. All of these core values if you will all tie together in the grand scheme of things. Interpretation is the action of explaining the meaning of something. Interpretation has many sub-categories, and the author portrays this by having us ask ourselves questions. Question like: How to recognize a

Geography And The Geography Of Greece - 1604 Words

When telling about the geography of Greece, all five themes of geography need to be addressed. The five themes of geography are location, place, region, movement, and human-environmental interaction. The absolute location of a specific place is the coordinates of a map using longitude and latitude. A place is an area that is defined by its physical and cultural characteristics. A region is areas that are similar and have definite characteristics. The movement is the way people, products, and ideas travel from one place to another. Human-environmental interaction is the relationship between humans and the environment in a certain area. The location of the country of Greece can be stated in many different ways. The absolute location is given in latitude and longitude. Latitude is the imaginary lines that run horizontally on the Earth’s surface (World Atlas, 2015). By definition, longitude is the imaginary lines that run vertically through the North and South poles (World Atlas, 2015). The absolute location of the capital of Greece, Athens is 39 degrees North and 22 degrees East. The country of Greece can also be described by using relative location. Relative location is defined by the nearby surroundings or countries close to Greece. For example, Greece is located in the northern and eastern hemispheres, and at the southern edge of the Balkan Peninsula, also known as southeast Europe (World Atlas, 2015). Another way to state Greece’s relative location is that it is north ofShow MoreRelatedHistory And Geography Of Greece Essay2046 Words   |  9 Pagesof the team in charge of evaluating the possibility of entering in Greece to start an olive business, i took the time to dig into the history and geography of the country, its economy, how the government operates, the culture, and any potential ethical concern that will prevent us from entering the country. The following report covers each of this aspect and provides a recommendation on entering the m arket. Overview Greece, located in the Southern Europe and has a very irregular-shaped peninsulaRead MoreThe Geography Of The Greece And Roman Empires967 Words   |  4 PagesThe geography of the Greece and Roman Empires seem really similar, both on the coast lines of the Mediterranean Sea. But they are really different in terms of land and what crops they can grow. The Greece Empire while on the Mediterranean Sea had a vast problem with the weather conditions that the sea brought, many earthquakes, hurricanes and volcanoes. They also faced deep valleys and large mountain terrain. This land was not easy to farm wheat but it was a great place to grow olives and grapesRead MorePhysical Geography Of Greece By Alexis Abrams1865 Words   |  8 PagesGreece Alexis Abrams Tuesday PM class Baker college of Port Huron Physical geography of Greece is located in Southern Europe, bordering the Ionian Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Albania and Turkey. It is a peninsular country, possessing an archipelago of about 3,000 islands. With the vast percentage of its land comprised of hills and rugged mountains, Greece is one of the most mountainous countries in Europe. â€Å"Its 13,676 km toothy-edged shoreline is deeply indented by dozens ofRead MoreHow the Geography of Greece Influenced Greek History730 Words   |  3 Pages The geography of Greece has led to many events in Greek History, such as an internal and external war among city-states. Throughout Greek History, geography played a major role in the development of Greek culture. Mountain ranges in Greece caused isolation of city-states, allowed for small areas of land to be cultivated and provided an agriculture barrier, while the water such as the Mediterranean Sea was used to communicated with the outside world. The water surrounding Greece, like theRead MoreThe Culture and Geography of Greece Essay examples1756 Words   |  8 PagesOfficially titled the Hellenic Republic, Greece is a country whose historical and cultural heritage continues to influence the modern world through art, philosophy and politics. Greece is located in southern europe. Critically placed at the byroads of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. Greece shares land borders with four countries: Albania, Bulgaria, Turkey, and the Republic of Macedonia. The country is greatly consumed by water to the south with over 1,400 islands, the largest of them beingRead MoreThe Role of Greeces Geography on Its Ancient Peoples844 Words   |  3 PagesAccording to legend, Greece’s geography played a principal part on ancient peoples’ lives. Ancient Greece’s geography both benefitted people and hurt them as well. Throughout history mountains such as Mount Olympus, islands such as Crete and Peloponnese, rive rs and seas such as the Mediterranean and Aegean that housed many Greek islands have played a very important role in Greek culture and development. Although the Mediterranean and Aegean seas supported Greece’s economy and means for subsistenceRead MoreAncient Greece And Ancient China810 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough and facing all the problems. China and Greece had many of the same problems but solved them differently. I believe that Greeks solved their problems in a better way than Chinese. Ancient Greece was a very powerful and thrived. The empire of Ancient Greece spread over Europe all the way to France. Ancient Greece has a big influence on what we have today. For example, we get many different kinds of art and architecture from Ancient Greece. The columns on the White House have the same kindRead MoreFour Traditions of Geography Essay858 Words   |  4 PagesFour Tradition of Geography The Four Traditions of Geography has many different assumptions and aspects of geography; aspects ranging from basic mapping and geometry, to the impact on nature of humans and the processes of the earth itself. Geographers can study and explain their research by selecting a certain tradition that leads to many different fields of geography. â€Å"There are four traditions whose identification provides an alternative to the competing monistic definitions that haveRead MoreScientific and Mathematical Contributions of Ancient Greece, China, and India1112 Words   |  4 Pagesand theories from ancient civilizations. Ancient Greece is often known for its strong advancements in philosophy. Ancient China is most well known for its inventions. The Ancient Indian civilization is usually not viewed as an important society in ancient history because they kept very few written records. Most people dont know just how important Ancient India actually was in history. The scientific and mat hematical contributions of Ancient Greece, China, and India have all had a great influenceRead MoreHuman Geography : The Way People Interact With Each Other And Their Environment844 Words   |  4 PagesHuman Geography is the way people interact with each other and their environment. Here are a few ways people interact with each other. People from countries in Africa and the Middle East migrate illegally to Europe through boat rides and walking by foot from country to country. Due to the war and poverty in their countries, people migrate to other countries. This causes separation of families, increased border control in European countries, and resentment against people of color in European countries

Obamacare free essay sample

Whether you are a Republican or Democrat, both sides can see the positives and negatives Of the Affordable Care Act. Beamer is an unconstitutional act being forced on our country. The negatives greatly out weight the positives and we should not be forced to live under this plan. Bombardiers goal is to give more Americans access to affordable, quality health insurance, and to reduce the growth in health care spending in the U. S. This is the opposite of what is actually happening. Many people who pay for their own health insurance were shocked when they opened their health care bills; they found their policies were being replaced with pricier plans informing to all the requirements of the new health care law. A family of four in Jameson-2 Portola Valley will pay almost ten thousand dollars for their insurance. The goal of this act was to make insurance affordable for everyone, but this evidence shows that it actually increases the cost for some. We will write a custom essay sample on Obamacare or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Barrack Obama made promises along with the passing of this Act.His most famous broken promise was when he said, First of all, if youve got health insurance, you like your doctor, you like your plan you can keep your doctor, you can keep your plan. Nobody is talking about taking that away from you. In New Jersey alone, 800,000 Americans have lost their health care plans because they dont meet the minimum standards. The act is taking away what people already have. Over 4. 2 million people have lost their health care plans or were informed that they would have to pay more money to keep their plan (Williams. Some would argue Beamer is good because it makes businesses provide insurance to their employers. While this is a good argument, what about the businesses just barely making it? There are small businesses that cannot afford to provide this (Ashtray. ) People have worked hard to get their businesses running and if they do not want to provide healthcare that is their choice, not the governments. When people apply to a job they know when healthcare will and will not be provided It is their choice to continue to apply for the job. If these businesses are providing insurance they have to pay more to get this coverage. If they are paying more they are not going to be able to afford to keep all of their employees. This will create the result of people losing their jobs or their hours of employment. Jameson-3 Although it was ruled constitutional, there is a strong belief this act violates out American rights. The government is taking too much control on what we can and cannot do. We should have the right to decide if we want to pay for healthcare or not.We have the right as Americans to make this choice. If we want to live out the liberties granted to us by our founders, we should reserve our right to purchase healthcare in the free market, allowing opportunities for those to purchase at affordable rates, not by allowing healthcare controlled by bureaucrats. The Affordable Care Act helps to make it easier to receive Medicare, which is a good thing, but where does that money come from? They get the money to provide these things through our taxes. (Pros and Cons of Beamer). It comes from the state and federal taxes.If you decide you do not want to receive healthcare, you will be charged. You will be charged a fee and a tax if you chose to stand up for your rights and not enroll. The Affordable Care Act focuses more on providing better healthcare and providing it to everybody than actually making healthcare affordable. It asses higher taxes and higher payment to receive healthcare. The title of the act is Affordable Care Act, but in reality to most people and families this act makes healthcare less affordable and less likely for people to want to have and pay for it.The fact that it is being forced on us to have healthcare makes more people want to defy the law and not pay for it. Beamer brings health insurance to many people who may otherwise not be able to afford it, with the use of subsidies to help cover the costs. The Affordable Care Act also implemented the 80/20 rule, which States health insurance companies must spend 80% of premium dollars on patient care and quality improvement, keeping profits and other costs to 20%. The Affordable Care Act further saves consumers money by limiting premium increases from year to year using a rate review program.While this helps the consumers it hurts the people who are trying to profit. They are being hurt by the act and they are a part of the United States as well, they should not be punished for attempting to profit. Jameson. Under the Affordable Care Act, your insurance company can no longer cut off our benefits because you or your employer made a mistake on your insurance application. Before, they could not only invalidate your coverage because of such a mistake, but demand repayment for any benefits they paid out under the policy.Also, they can no longer charge you more or refuse coverage for pre-existing conditions, regardless of whether youve been turned down in the past. Though this doesnt cover grandfathered plans those obtained through private insurers before the Affordable Care Act went into effect consumers facing denials through such plans are now able to arches new insurance through the Marketplace. It can be agreed that this may be a part of the act that is reasonable and a well thought out idea. It still conflicts with the thought that there should not be a set Marketplace where we must purchase our healthcare from. Insurance companies cannot deny children coverage for pre-existing conditions. This benefit applies to everyone in 2014. Insurance companies can no longer drop anyone from coverage once they get sick. If a company denies someone coverage, that person can go to an Jameson-5 external appeals process (Madame). To file an external review you must write a written request to an official reviewer.After you file your request it can take up to sixty days to receive the decision of the reviewer. If the reviewer sides against you, thats the end of it. There is no other step to appeal it you have to live with the verdict. Even though you may be right about the subject you are appealing on you can still be charged twenty five dollars to file the appeal (External Review). The Affordable Care Act is a widely debated topic across the United States. There are many positives and good ideas that this act creates, but with almost very positive there is a negative effect in some way.

The Future of E

Table of Contents Introduction Changes in Learning Models Widely used tools in e-learning Changing role of the instructor and learner Ways of judging the effectiveness of e-learning Conclusion Reference List Introduction E-learning is a learning process that is developed through interaction with content that is conveyed in a digital form based on network services under the guidance of a tutor. Computer technology mediates this kind of learning. Computers may be set to receive digital information from far places, or may be set up in a classroom.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Future of E-Learning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Wenchieh Wu (2010, p. 312), e-learning has shifted the modalities of teaching from the traditional one-on-one teaching in classrooms to information technology-guided coaching. E-learning is flexible, self-organized, personalized, and student-centered. It has few inter ruptions from peers and tutors. It can be community-based. Teachers, facilitators, and learners can interact online thus saving time, energy, and space. As technology advances, e-learning is expected to take a very different path. This paper therefore discusses the future of e-learning in the world. Changes in Learning Models With the wide acceptance of information technology and digital migration in the world, learning models are bound to change from their traditional approach to a modern ICT-based approach. The learning environment will completely change, with learners acquiring some necessary skills that will enable them adapt to the e-learning environment. Learning model will shift to learners being independent rather than having a teacher whenever they are learning. Students will be required to work individually with little or no direct supervision of the teacher. Koohang and Paliszkiewicz (2013, p. 109) argue that content delivery in e-learning will change the one-on-one deliv ery from a teacher-to-learner in a classroom situation to computerized information conveyance. This shift will be so especially in the courses that are electronic in nature, with learners obtaining all the required guidelines online. The modalities of examining learners will also shift from classroom examinations that are directly supervised by tutors to online examinations with little or no regulation by instructors. Learners will be supplied with online examinations that they will be required to tackle and submit online. Mechanisms to check plagiarism are already in place in most of institutions that offer the e-learning option to their students. However, there is a need for self-control, motivation, and commitment on the side of the learner. Social interaction that was much present in the traditional method is also highly reduced. This situation is contrary to the previous situation where learners would sit in classrooms to socialize directly with both teachers and fellow student s. This model is time saving, efficient, and learner-centered. It also offers the learner and the supervisor time to carry out other activities.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Widely used tools in e-learning Various tools will be crucial for the success of the e-learning process. E-learning is computer-dependent. It is therefore impossible for learners and instructors to carryout e-learning without enough computers at their disposal. Koohang and Paliszkiewicz (2013, p. 109) confirm that learning materials and content in e-learning are prepared on computers. In fact, e-learning is also referred to as computer-based learning due to its heavy reliance on computers. Teodora, Mioara, and Magdalena (2013, p. 150) reveal that e-learning is also regarded as CPU-based training since the whole process of preparation of teaching materials, teaching resources, conveyance of learning materials, i nstructions, examinations, and even evaluation is done using computers and computer technology. Various multimedia packages are also required in e-learning, for example graphic design software, video packages, audio packages, and text packages. Multimedia technology enables tutors and learners to access information. Computers cannot access some information without installation of some operating software. Different contents require different software to access. In case of synchronous learning, various tools are used such as video cameras and audio devices. Such devices are used to communicate directly from tutors to learners. Teodora, Mioara, and Magdalena (2013, p. 150) point out that learners in e-learning use e-mails, newsgroups, weblogs, and online bulletin boards to respond to the tutors. It is therefore important to have hardware tools such as personal computers or desktop computers and their accessories. It is also necessary for one to have internet connectivity especially wit h high bandwidth, the necessary software, a reliable source of power, and teachers. Information storage hardware such as compact disks, flash discs, and digital versatile disks are also important to both students and tutors. Furniture is also necessary for placing personal computers and desktops. Changing role of the instructor and learner Wenchieh Wu (2010, 312) observes that the learner is the most important component of e-learning. The role of the learner in the traditional learning methods was somewhat passive compared to e-learning. Teachers were also very active in preparing, processing, and explaining information to learners. With e-learning, the learners are expected to understand the expectation of the e-learning course for which they register. Such understanding includes understanding of the content, the structure, and the format of the training. The learner is charged with the responsibility of personally understanding the requirement of the learning process. This situati on is unlike the traditional learning where the teacher was in charge of the learning process and requirements. Responsibility shifts from teachers to learners with the inception of e-learning.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Future of E-Learning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Kok (2013, p. 20) affirms that it is also the role of the learner to acquire the necessary skills for operating the computers in order to communicate with tutors and even to access information online. This case is unlike the traditional models where information was delivered in print form or written on the blackboard by teachers as the students copy it. Teachers will only prepare the content and send it to the learners online. The role of the learner will also shift because he or she will be supposed to have some technical skills and hardware to access information on computers, process it, and use it for the right purpose. The teache r changes from an information processer to an instructor. Contrary to the traditional teaching methods, students would only be required to have books, pens, and other reading materials. With e-learning, it is the role of the learner to have or to access the hardware. Aasen (2013, p. 11) observes that the traditional learning environment involved the constant control and supervision of the learner by supervisors. With the inception of e-learning, the learner is charged with the role of self-supervision and management. He or she should time him or herself besides having other personal initiatives to learn. Ways of judging the effectiveness of e-learning For e-learning to be effective and feasible, there is a need to invest in it in terms of money, time, faculty, and leadership. The effectiveness of e-learning can be evaluated through process appraisal and outcome assessment. Process assessment will involve examining the limitations and vigor of the curriculum. It is possible to apprai se the process through peer reviews of the program’s content. One can also evaluate the ability and speed of navigation through online documents for e-learning. The learning materials can also be checked for compliance with the standards for learning. Use of multimedia in sending and receiving information should also be evaluated. According to Kok (2013, p. 20), the ability of the learner to open, navigate and use the materials should indicate understanding of the process. It is worth noting whether the learner has the required hardware for e-learning. The ability of him or her to use various software/tools that are required for e-learning should also be evaluated. Tsai (2011, p. 146) affirms that the outcome evaluation method uses parameters such as change of behavior after learning and satisfaction. Aasen (2013, p. 11) asserts that one can evaluate whether the learners were satisfied with the content, the method of delivery, and the impact through the level of knowledge tha t the learner seems to have gained. Tsai (2011, p. 145) asserts that learning is said to have taken place when there is a change of behavior. It is therefore possible to know whether the learner learnt through e-learning by behavior observation. Learners can also be evaluated through examinations. Good performance is an indication of learning and understanding.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion E-learning is a fast developing educational model that is likely to replace the traditional learning. This model will change the methods of instructions, as it is more learner-centered relative to the traditional model. Learners will access information via computers, interact via computers, and be evaluated via computers. Various tools such as computer software and hardware will be required in e-learning. The role of the learner will change from a passive receiver of processed information to an active processer and manager of self and information. The tutor changes from an all-time supervisor and processor to an instructor. Finally, effectiveness of e-learning can be evaluated through process appraisal or result assessment. Reference List Aasen, M. (2013). E-Learning as an Important Component in â€Å"Blended Learning† in School Development Projects in Norway. International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning, 6(1), 11-15. Kok, A. (2013). How to Manage the Inclu sion of E-Learning in Learning Strategy. International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning, 6(1), 20-27. Koohang, A., Paliszkiewicz, J. (2013). Knowledge Construction in E-Learning: An Empirical Validation of an Active Learning Model. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 53(3), 109-114. Teodora, V., Mioara, U., Magdalena, N. (2013). Quality through E-Learning and Quality for E-Learning. Journal of Knowledge Management, Economics Information Technology, 3(1), 150-160. Tsai, A. (2011). A Hybrid E-Learning Model Incorporating Some of The Principal Learning Theories. Social Behavior Personality. An International Journal, 39(2), 145-152. Wenchieh Wu, L. (2010). The Effectiveness of E-Learning for Blended Courses In Colleges: A Multi-Level Empirical Study. International Journal of Electronic Business Management, 8(4), 312-322. This essay on The Future of E-Learning was written and submitted by user Madeline Robbins to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Bernard Bass

Critique on the contribution of the transactional-transformational leadership paradigms of Bernard Bass to modern management thought and practice INTRODUCTION Transformational leadership, (TFN) was first distinguished from transactional leadership, (TCN) around 1973 by Downton. James Mc Gregor Burns, in the late 1970s, studying the histories of various political leaders, continued to redefine the differences in (TFN) leadership and (TCN) leadership. TFN leaders’ and followers’ purposes become fused, as both seek new ways of working with an objective, thus achieving more for both. TCN leaders engage with followers in a transaction that involves rewards (pay, promotion, etc) for the followers, for superior performance. (Burns, 1978) In â€Å"Factors of Transactional and Transformational Leadership†, Bass (1985) concludes that neither purely transactional nor purely transformational leadership style would result into subordinates’ performance beyond expectation. Analyses of various surveys make him suggest that a mixture of both provides the highest outcome. While theories since the 1980s widely assume that one leader has only one style, others analyses of the correlation between leadership behavior and employee motivation suggest that transformational leadership would drive higher achievement than transactional, Bass observes that one leader, mainly belonging to one of the two styles, might show attitudes of the other style as well based on contingencies. Ultimately Bass expanded upon the theories of Downton and Burns, and brought in several contributions of which the most notable are the four â€Å"I’s†, (Inspiration, Intellectual Stimulation, Individual Consideration, Charisma) and the Multi-Factor Leadership Questionnaire which helps determine the leader’s strengths and weaknesses in transformational leadership areas. CONTRIBUTIONS TO MODERN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THEORIES The contribution made b... Free Essays on Bernard Bass Free Essays on Bernard Bass Critique on the contribution of the transactional-transformational leadership paradigms of Bernard Bass to modern management thought and practice INTRODUCTION Transformational leadership, (TFN) was first distinguished from transactional leadership, (TCN) around 1973 by Downton. James Mc Gregor Burns, in the late 1970s, studying the histories of various political leaders, continued to redefine the differences in (TFN) leadership and (TCN) leadership. TFN leaders’ and followers’ purposes become fused, as both seek new ways of working with an objective, thus achieving more for both. TCN leaders engage with followers in a transaction that involves rewards (pay, promotion, etc) for the followers, for superior performance. (Burns, 1978) In â€Å"Factors of Transactional and Transformational Leadership†, Bass (1985) concludes that neither purely transactional nor purely transformational leadership style would result into subordinates’ performance beyond expectation. Analyses of various surveys make him suggest that a mixture of both provides the highest outcome. While theories since the 1980s widely assume that one leader has only one style, others analyses of the correlation between leadership behavior and employee motivation suggest that transformational leadership would drive higher achievement than transactional, Bass observes that one leader, mainly belonging to one of the two styles, might show attitudes of the other style as well based on contingencies. Ultimately Bass expanded upon the theories of Downton and Burns, and brought in several contributions of which the most notable are the four â€Å"I’s†, (Inspiration, Intellectual Stimulation, Individual Consideration, Charisma) and the Multi-Factor Leadership Questionnaire which helps determine the leader’s strengths and weaknesses in transformational leadership areas. CONTRIBUTIONS TO MODERN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND THEORIES The contribution made b...

The effects of painkillers on the heartrate of a daphnia essays

The effects of painkillers on the heartrate of a daphnia essays Late one afternoon, a lady was driving home in the rush hour traffic. The last thing she needed was a pounding headache. While she was stopped, she dug in her purse for some aspirin to relieve her headache. She chugged it down with the Pepsi sitting by the seat. Her only worry was to relieve her headache. The affect of the painkiller on the other parts of her body was not a concern to her at that point in time. Should people wonder if their painkillers are affecting their body? Should people know how painkillers are affecting their heart, heart rate, or even worse, causing heart disease? It may just be the ingredients of a pill. Often the side effects of medication are discovered too late. Phentermine and fenfluramine are not only a diet pill ingredient but also causes heart valve problems. (Gorman 113) This is just one example of the things that may cause heart problems. They could also include an ingredient in a painkiller or other medications that a person could be taking. There are many different types of painkillers, the most common include Aspirin, Tylenol, and Ibuprofen. Aspirin, is used to relieve minor headaches, reduce fevers, colds, muscular aches, menstrual discomfort, toothaches and arthritis pain. Tylenol, is primarily for the relieve of minor aches and pains associated with headache, muscular aches, backache, minor arthritis pain, common cold, toothache, and menstrual cramps and for the reduction of fever. Ibuprofen, also relieves minor aches and pains due to colds, headaches, toothaches, and reduction of fevers. But yet, why may they affect the heart? The heart is found behind the breastbone. The heart is a hollow muscular organ that balances the circulation of blood. Blood then passes through four chambers that are separated by valves. Valves control the blood movement inside the heart. (Funk and Wagnals 273) What kinds of heart diseases are caused from painkillers...

United Arab Emirates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

United Arab Emirates - Essay Example United Arab Emirates The principal and the most prosperous of all of the seven states is the capital of the federation, the Abu Dhabi generating nearly sixty percent of the country’s wealth. The most popular city from the federation, Dubai City is located in the Dubai Emirate, the second leading emirate while Sharjah City and Khawr Fakkan are the two main cities in the third biggest state, the Sharjah. The UAE consists of tribal groupings of Arabian Peninsula sheikhdoms found on the tip end of the Persian Gulf and north the Gulf of Oman, the area was involved in several dynastic clashes for centuries just immediately after it was converted to Islam in the seventh century. The main tribal groups of the country’s nationals are the Qawasim and the Bani Yas who emerged as the powerful tribes after the dynastic disputes. The Qawasim were originally traders and inhabit the present day emirates of Ras al Khaymah while the Bani Yas were predominantly agriculturalists and pastoralists and lived in what is today the emirates of Abu Dhabi and Dubai. The British mounted expeditions against the inhabitants in an attempt to have control of the maritime routes and a desire to establish supremacy in the area over other interested European powers. However, regular warfare among tribes was still rampant at sea and the sheikhs made several truce agreements with the supervision of British political authorities to whom the warring parties reported any violations of the truce treaty. A perpetual maritime truce was signed by the tribal sheikhs in May 1853 to end any further conflicts at sea between the tribes. The coastal sheikhdoms thereafter remained under British protection practicing their traditional form of Arab monarchial rule while Britain oversaw their defense and foreign relations. In 1952 under the guidance of Britain, the seven sheikdoms established the Trucial Council to advance the implementation of common policies concerning administration of the sheikhdoms with the aim of eventually leading to a federation of emirates. In 1968, Britain decided to end the protection status with the seven sheikhdoms and withdrew United Kingdom armed forces out of the region. Three months thereafter, the seven sheikhdoms formed a Federa tion of Arab Emirates together with Qatar and Bahrain, still under British rule. However, in 1971 the latter two states decided to cede from the federation to establish separate sovereign states. Immediately after in the same year, Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Dubai, Sharjah and Umm al Qaywayn agreed to have a common federal constitution in order to achieve independence under the United Arab Emirates. On December 1, 1971, Britain ended all ties and relationships with the seven sheikhdoms including every one the treaties and declared the federation independent on December 2, 1971. Initially the six emirates formed the federation and the other remaining sheikhdom, Ras al Khayman, joined the United Arab Emirates in February 1972. When independence was declared, Sheikh Zayid of Abu Dhabi assumed the presidency of new UAE until 2004 when he died while Sheikh Rashid Al Maktum of Dubai was entitled the vice president and his son Sheikh Maktum ibn Rashid Al Maktum was named the prime mini ster. Geography

Mountain Dew Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Mountain Dew - Research Paper Example Second, the company's flagship advertising campaign, "Do the Dew," is now in its eighth year. In that period, competitors have had ample time to copy many of the once-distinctive elements of the marketing strategy and erode the freshness, as well as the impact, of the primary campaign and any pool-outs. This analysis will present these issues using a SWOT approach to focus on the significant issues of the case. Analysis. The managers responsible for marketing the Mountain Dew brand are in a difficult place; they are not dealing with a new product entry, but are responsible for maintaining the brand's place at the top. The brand's advantages include the very things that have made them successful so far, but they still face several challenges. Even though their brand health indicators remain strong, the brand is almost certain to lose market share without some proactive and effective changes. As shown in the SWOT analysis in Table 1, the brand enjoys some key strengths and good opportunities, but the Mountain Dew product is not without its weaknesses, and it is exposed to some potentially serious threats if management can't tune its position and get sales back on track. Table 1 Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats Brand Recognition Image Saturation Re-engage primary market Non-Carbonated Products Corporate Resources Loss of Niche Branding Enhance Brand Health Advocacy Marketing Commitment -- Super Bowl Ads -- The market has a strong recognition of this brand, and the marketing efforts have been successful in making product perception match market trends. That success, however, is now creating difficulty as the market is trending away from the very image the brand has been building for the past eight years. Further, the competition has co-opted many elements of the image and the market is virtually saturated with alternative sports, music, and young faces. Additionally, the traditional cola market is eroding as it looses market share to non-carbonated, alternative beverages. The idea of having a "kick" which is derived from sugar and caffeine successfully played to the cool generation, but the counterculture demographic is more likely to see those compounds as unhealthy. Nevertheless, products like Red Bull show that there is still a strong market for such products. The corporate resources that a company like PepsiCo can bring to bear on the marketing are certainly a strength; but just bec ause a company can speak broadly doesn't free it from needing to have something significant to say. As the product begins to loose its distinctive niche branding to better-positioned offerings, management has the opportunity to recapture its core constituency and enhance the brand; but the new creative is going to have to move beyond skateboards and rock music. The marketing commitment shown by PepsiCo, particularly the prohibitively expensive Super Bowl ads, is both a key strength and opportunity. The message those strategies deliver, however, is the main thing. Alternatives. Management has three fundamental

Evaluating Art Throughout The Ages Essay Example for Free

Evaluating Art Throughout The Ages Essay Throughout the history of art, evaluation of artistic works has continued even long after the artist’s lifetime. This is because the proper evaluation of any work of art involves an understanding of its cultural and historical context, its philosophy and the message the artist tries to convey. Although beauty (aesthetics) used to be an important component of art evaluation, post-modern and abstract art have delegated it to obscurity. (Schaeffer) Below are some criteria relevant to evaluating art from any period of history : 1. Technical quality and brilliance : These consist of form (structure and expression), contrast (separation of object from background in many instances), texture, colour display or the use of lines (in line art), composition of various objects in the artwork and quality of craftsmanship. 2. Artistic integrity and vision : Artists should remain true to their worldview and to themselves. This means not only uniqueness and originality, but also remaining committed to the ideal and style he is trying to depict. 3. Philosophy and world view : This is often referred to the work’s hidden meaning, and the values it represents. E. g. in prehistoric cave art, the world view would often be related to the day-to-day wish fulfilment of bountiful hunting. Salvador Dali’s artistic philosophy was based on surrealism ( attached picture ), which often had a dream-like quality. 4. Relation to the artist’s life’s work, its genre and period in history : Many of these qualities cannot be completely evaluated during the artist’s life time, and may require significant periods of time after its completion. In many cases it is never complete e. g. masterpieces like the Mona Lisa continue to be evaluated, centuries after it was finished. Reference : Schaeffer Francis (1978). Art and the Bible. Figure. Salvador Dali’s ‘Dream of a Virgin’ depicts his surrealistic philosophy, and a dream state.

The Bluest Eye by Toni Morisson :: Toni Morisson The Bluest Eye

Toni Morisson's novel The Bluest Eye is about the life of the Breedlove family who resides in Lorain, Ohio, in the late 1930s. This family consists of the mother Pauline, the father Cholly, the son Sammy, and the daughter Pecola. The novel's focal point is the daughter, an eleven-year-old Black girl who is trying to conquer a bout with self-hatred. Everyday she encounters racism, not just from white people, but mostly from her own race. In their eyes she is much too dark, and the darkness of her skin somehow implies that she is inferior, and according to everyone else, her skin makes her even "uglier." She feels she can overcome this battle of self-hatred by obtaining blue eyes, but not just any blue. She wants the bluest eye. Morrison is able to use her critical eye to reveal to the reader the evil that is caused by a society that is indoctrinated by the inherent goodness and beauty of whiteness and the ugliness of blackness. She uses many different writing tools to depict how "white" beliefs have dominated American and African American culture. The narrative structure of The Bluest Eye is important in revealing just how pervasive and destructive social racism is. Narration in novel comes from several sources. Much of the narration comes from Claudia MacTeer as a nine year old child, but Morrison also gives the reader the insight of Claudia reflecting on the story as an adult, some first person narration from Pecola's mother, and narration by Morrison herself as an omniscient narrator. Pecola's experiences would have less meaning coming from Pecola herself because a total and complete victim would be an unreliable narrator, unwilling or unable to relate the actual circumstances of that year. Claudia, from her youthful innocence, is able to see and relate how the other characters, especially Pecola, idolize the "ideal" of beauty presented by white, blue-eyed movie stars like little Shirley Temple. In addition to narrative structure, the structure and composition of the novel itself help to illustrate how much and for how long white ideas of family and home have been forced into black culture. Instead of conventional chapters and sections, The Bluest Eye is broken up into seasons, fall, winter, spring, and summer. This type of organization suggests that the events described in The Bluest Eye have occurred before, and will occur again. This kind of cycle suggests that there is notion that there is no escape from the cycle of life that Breedloves and MacTeer live in.

The House on Mango Street Reflection Paper

February 6, 2013Cynthia Cotto [email  protected] edu Response Paper In the very first vignette Esperanza discusses how her family moved around a lot and even though the house on Mango Street was not the house of their dreams, it was a great achievement to own it. Although Esperanza knew they were not moving anytime soon, she recognized one advantage; her family was free of landlord management. In my community home ownership is a constant battle and for many simply a dream.I learn the value of home ownership in a similar sequence as Esperanza. My little sister and I were moved to and from apartment to family member’s houses until our first small home. A home with no back yard and only four stairs and side walk out front. None the less, a home to call our own; it was then that I knew one day I will own my home painted â€Å"white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growing without a fence. † Setting this goal meant one thing to me, out; out of Philadelphia like out of the House on Mango Street.How to get out and leave my home, my Philadelphia that is so much a part of my maturing process that has molded who I am today is the challenge. Poverty is the drive behind my force on getting out, like Esperanza, poverty is a constant scene that drives my motivation to rise out from my community in Philadelphia. For many families it is not unusual to live in a row home next to an abandoned home or open lot where houses use to be; look around and see no grass only concrete, see no trees only stumps of where trees use to be and garbage carried by the wind collected alongside stoop of houses.The tricky part of growing up with this experience is realizing it molds character and influences a sense of direction. My experience in poverty directed my ambition in education therefore strengthening my chances in attaining my goals. Ultimately what was said to Esperanza by the three sisters, â€Å"You can’t erase what you know. You can’t for get who you are† is valid in the sense that no matter which path one is headed, their past is part of who they are, it is where they have been.Even though leaving Philadelphia is a dream of mine, I know there is no other place in the world I would rather be from; it has prepared me to be brave and define what I desire for my life and what is undesired for my life. Self-exploration is hindered in this book and my life. I can very much identify with Esperanza perspectives on societal issues that Latin women face. A society dominated by men and women relying on them, whether it is a father, spouse or friend. Men are considered the strong reasonable as where women are weak and emotional, in turn women need men for protection.A young girl may have two story paths, one where she relies on the protection of her father while she watches her mother cater to him or two, witnesses the struggles of a single young woman and absence for a father. This book describes marriage as priority for every girl or else how could she survive; appearances and physical features are highly valued traits. This attitude is not one that Esperanza agrees with, nor do I. For example, Marin she is the girl standing on the street just â€Å"waiting for a car to stop, a star to fall, someone to change her life. This character implies that she does not dream of actively setting life goals for herself and working to earn them, instead she will wait until a man makes it happen for her. The ideology behind this thought being that as a woman she must thrive to be as attractive as possible to heighten her chances of marriage and acquire worthiness. First women are to become wives, then mothers this is to be success enough. The thought of a woman exploring her independence not only from her family but from men is not an appreciated ideal.Esperanza mentions many women that are prisoners in their marriages and trapped in their homes due to such bias. This is an important issue and should be addres sed because reflecting on Esperanza’s perspective and my personal opinion; Latin women are not encouraged to explore independence much less through education. Sally is a great example that can express my reason for writing about this issue, her father sheltered her all her life and she married before eighth grade.Practicing those societal values leads Sally’s life to be encaged by her husband and home accompanied by nothing but the things she owns; this to which Esperanza understands that even though Sally has all the material things that her husband can buy, that is not worth much if there is nothing to do, no social interactions, or no self-respect. Esperanza absorbs her surroundings, contemplates her neighbor’s situations and visualizes her life and the thought of her life sadly gazing out of a window, this was all the motivation she needed to decide that she will not be end her story in the same manner; this I have done throughout my life as well.Being born and raised in the heart of Philadelphia I am consistently expose to the abundance of inequality, injustice and overall hardships that seem to walk hand in hand with this territory and culture of my community. Esperanza introduces Alicia, a girl that has a strong quality in common with Esperanza as well as I; the virtue of education. Alicia’s circumstances are very relatable to young Latin girls today in my life for example, I can recall positive reinforcement when I received good grades but there was rarely any encouragement to have me participate in extracurricular activities or educations competitions because there were chores.My family believed the transition would be easier if I did not move away for college and so I did not; I am encouraged to live home until marriage, therefore I have been. Things such as living on my own is addressed with the attitude of â€Å"why waste money, you minus well wait until you get married to move out,† but my education is my future; it is my gateway out of Philadelphia and into the path of my home with trees and grass to come home to after a day with my second grade students. With independence from my family and men is born a woman that can support herself and does not need to rely on a man.I am writing about the inequities regarding Latin women addressed in this novel as it is connected to my life. I like Esperanza, refuse to accept the limitations surrounding me like fog in the night discouraging me to pursue new paths. Most of the women characters Esperanza describe have strong personalities yet are unable to escape from their suppressing community and culture. I am neighbors with Mothers the age of fifth-teen and grandmothers the age of thirty-two. There are women that are raising their grand-children and mothers hoping to complete high school.Yet somehow this has become a norm it is not surprising to see a Latin woman have children at a young age as well as marriage. I personally never get tired of being asked: Do you have children? Are you married? You are in school? (in a very sarcastic tone); in that specific order. The expectations in this novel for young Latin girls are to find a man to support them and the way to find a man is through physically looking as attractive as she can and in order to become a loyal wife and mother. This is a society where a woman leaving their families to seek self-identification is not a natural thought.Esperanza was strong enough to fight through the society norm and pursue her talent and not become trapped in a house ruled by a man. Today I fight the same battle as do many Latin women do, we are strong and it takes bravery to go after one’s happiness in life. We strive to rise above poverty and community inequities through hard work and self-dedication to one’s ambitions. As The House on Mango Street is part of Esperanza, my Philadelphia community is part of me; without what I have seen I would be blind to what I want.

Reflection Summary Essay

The previous week’s objectives covered PowerPoint in Microsoft Office, Presentation Tools, and System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). What could be applicable to your workplace or personal, and how your knowledge has increased as a result of what you experienced through the learning activities. We learned about presentation tools that are available in the marketplace and their advantages and disadvantages that they may have. Our team agreed that Microsoft Power Point is the most common and most used in the workplace and market place. We were all very familiar with how the system works, we all have worked with Power Point before. We were all very comfortable with Microsoft Power Point. There are many other presentation tools that can be used, and that are available but overall the most common is Microsoft Power Point. The next topic we had discussed was about what business go through to implement new technology. The second discussion question posted we learned was in regards to six stages of the systems development life cycle. The system development life cycle (SDLC) has six processes in which information system is process: systems investigation, system analysis, systems design, programming and testing, implementation, and operation and maintenance. These six processes are important for organizations to use when deciding on an information system; however, these processes are not only for organization, but also for personal use as well. When deciding whether to get a new operation system for a personal computer, you can have some of the same challenges. Consumers have to decide what kind of budget they have, what will the system do for them, and will the system last for a long time before having to get another system. We didn’t realize what business have to go through to implement new technology into the business plan. We learned that it can be a very long, in depth and costly process to implement a new system in the work place. In conclusion, we have learned many great things as a team about Microsoft power point, and presentation. How everyone uses power point for work and personal life. We also learned about System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). How the process can be long and expensive depending on the system  requirements. We agreed and disagreed on many things but in the end we were able to learn from one another. Working as team has made it better and easier to learn, we each collaborated on putting this reflection summary together. It has made it an even better learning experience working together as a team.

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Essays - James Madison, Free Essays

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Essays - James Madison, Free Essays Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists Most people think that the U.S. constitution was just ratified and there was no arguments over its passing. In fact there was almost enough opposition that it came very close to not being passed. It was the Hamiltonians vs. the Jeffersonians in almost all cases. Even before the United States Constitution was ratified there was debate over whether or not to have a strict interpretation or a loose one. There was also debate over a States right to nullify a law. As memories of Shays rebellion and the reality of the Whiskey rebellion came to the front the issue of undue force became an issue. One of the other major issues during this era was the debt and the national bank. Although the constitution was passed there was much debate over whether it should be a strict or loose interpretation. Hamiltons federalists thought it should be loose and Jeffersons democratic-republicans strict. If it was strict then the federal government would only have the powers specifically given to it because of the tenth amendment. Too justify it being loose the federalists used the elastic clause (Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18) and then they could decide what was necessary and proper. Hamilton thought that the only way to protect states sovereignty and at the same time have a national government would be to have a strong central authority. The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions brought to the front a very important matter of concern, a states right to nullify a law. The federalists said that if a state could nullify a law then what did the laws mean. The democratic-republicans thought that if a law hurt a state unduly then it could be nullified. Resolved, the Kentucky Legislature declared in its opening paragraph, that whensoever the General Government assumes undelegated powers, its acts are unauthoritative, void, and of no force. Supreme authority in America, it argued, was held not by the federal government but by the people and the states, and Congress and the president had only those powers clearly delegated to them by the Constitution. This issue would not be settled until the civil war This is one of the pivotal moments of politics at that time the federalists were thrown out in 1800 mainly because of this. Another cause for concern about the new government was the use of undue force. The democratic-republicans thought that Washington used too much force in putting down the whiskey rebellion. He used 12,950 men to put down that rebellion or the so-called insurrection as he called it. Washington did another thing to anger the democratic-republicans when he left Hamilton in charge or making the arrests. They thought that that was too much force for people who in their mind had good reason to rebel. The federalists thought that this was a good move. They based this on what happened with Shays rebellion. After the ratification of the U.S. Constitution the debt became an issue. The United States all told owed 54,000,000 and the States debts were 21,500,000. Hamilton came up with a brilliant plan to help pay off the debt. He would sell bonds to pay it off and keep the debt solely owed to the citizens of the U.S. Thus the only burden to the taxpayers would be the interest on the bonds, which would actually go back to the people. The Jeffersonians opposed this not because they doubted that it would work but because they thought that those who deserved the least would make the most. They were referring to the speculators who had purchased the papers at below their value. Also part of this plan was the bank of the United States. The bank was a good idea but too reminiscent of the Bank of England which some believed had caused England to be so harsh. The Jeffersonian and the Hamiltonians disagreed on almost every issue. There arguments can almost all be traced back to states rights vs. a strong central government. Although they agreed on some issues those were few and far between. These two parties would be the dominant force in politics for the next few decades.

Radioactive Tracer Definition

Radioactive Tracer Definition A radioactive tracer is a radioactive element or compound added to material to monitor the materials distribution as it progresses through a system. The use of a radioactive tracer is called radiolabeling, which is one form of isotopic labeling. Radioactive Tracer Uses Radioactive tracers form the basis of some medical imaging systems, such as PET scans. Radiolabeling is used in research to trace the path of elements in biochemical reactions and cells. Radioisotopes are also used to track the flow of fluids, particularly in the petroleum and natural gas industry. Examples of Radioactive Tracers Usually, the isotopes chosen for use as radioactive tracers have a short half life. Thus, they are produced via nuclear reactions. Examples of commonly used radioactive tracers include tritium, carbon-11, carbon-14, oxygen-15, fluorine-18, phosphorus-32, sulfur-35, technetium-99, iodine-123, and gallium-67. Sources Fowler, J. S.; Wolf, A. P. (1982). The synthesis of carbon-11, fluorine-18 and nitrogen-13 labeled radiotracers for biomedical applications. Nucl. Sci. Ser. Natl Acad. Sci. Natl Res. Council Monogr. 1982.Rennie, M. (1999). An introduction to the use of tracers in nutrition and metabolism. Proc Nutr Soc. 58 (4): 935–44. doi:10.1017/S002966519900124X

Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Concrete Repair, Rehabilitation - Essay Example There are some published works concerning the influence of roughness and moisture properties of the substrate surface on the bond strength with added layer. But, most works concentrate only on one characteristic of roughness or moisture or test method etc., at one time. Further, roughness is assessed only qualitatively, by observing the substrate surface and by classifying it as very smooth, smooth, rough. In the Eurocode 2 (Eurocode 2, 2003) it is stated that for shear at interface between concrete cast at different times, "in the absence of more detailed information, surfaces may be classified as very smooth, smooth, rough or indented". This kind of roughness evaluation has disadvantage due to subjective results. Thus, this dissertation aims to carry out an experimental study for evaluating the effect of different surface conditions on the bond between two concretes and to compare the effects of different roughness conditions relative to quantified roughness parameters. It is antic ipated that with this study, a suitable condition for substrate surface for optimum bond will be established. The researcher wishes to convey his profound gratitude and sincerest appreciation to those who have extended much effort and assistance contributory to the success of the dissertation. His deepest indebtedness goes particularly to the following: Almighty God, for giving him strength, wisdom, and vision to finish his study; His Supervisor, for his guidance and suggestions to improve the research work; His family, who reassured, inspired, and supported him morally, and financially; His colleague and friends, for their words of encouragement; All others who helped the researcher make this dissertation possible. TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Abstract Acknowledgment Table of Contents List of Figures CHAPTER 1 - Introduction General Adhesion Literature Review CHAPTER 2 - Methodology Test Methods Shear Tests Direct Shear Test CHAPTER 3 - Experimental Details Concrete Mix Properties Sample Details Test Details CHAPTER 4 - Results & Discussions CHAPTER 5 - Conclusions & Recommendations LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Concrete remains an indispensable construction material because of its flexibility, durability and workability. With time, however, concrete structures deteriorate and weaken, thus repair and restructuring is inevitable. Signs of deterioration or defects such as cracks on the structures are often perceived as indicators of the need to perform maintenance. Concrete repairs usually require adding of new concrete to existing old concrete element to protract the 'useful life of an existing structure, to restore its load-carrying capacity and stiffness, and to strengthen its members' (Bissonnette, et al., 2009). Some of the most commonly used cementing materials in the production of the new overlay include resin, mortar, mortar purified with latex, ordinary concrete (OC),

The Theoretical Underpinnings Pertaining To Self-Harm Research Paper

The Theoretical Underpinnings Pertaining To Self-Harm - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the definition of self-harm as acts committed deliberately with the purpose of inflicting injury or damage to one’s self. D’Onofrio argued that despite the fact that 1 out of 100 Americans inflict harm on themselves as a way to cope with stress, the subject remains taboo and is perceived by others as deviant behavior. This is proven by the social stigma instigated by medical professionals and lay people alike. In medical terms, self-inflicted violence or self-mutilation is characterized by committing harm to one’s self to the extent of causing considerable tissue damage or visible marks which persist for days. The following paragraphs discuss the theoretical underpinnings pertaining to self-harm: Self-harm is different from acts which are considered suicidal, ritualistic, sexual, or ornamental. Individuals who perform self-harm usually get treated by physicians and mental health professionals. However, treatments provided to these in dividuals apparently does more harm than good due to social stigma and the lack of self-harm information available to medical and mental health practitioners. For clarification on the concept of self-harm, Gratz and Chapman provided the following characteristics: (1) self-harm is done on purpose without intent of killing one’s self; (2) physical injury inflicted is instantaneous; (3) self-harm is perceived as a type of coping mechanism; (4) self-harm may be committed by anyone regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, or social class; (5) self-harm is committed by individuals with psychiatric disorders, as well as high school and college students; and (6) incidents of self-harm become less as people get older. Gratz and Chapman devised a checklist for gauging risk factors of self-harm. The checklist is divided into three categories: (1) impulsivity; (2) neuroticism or negative emotions; and (3) childhood experiences. Impulsiveness covers gratification, thrill-seeking, and need f or stimulation. Meanwhile, neuroticism and negative emotions cover depression, anger, sadness, and stress. Finally, childhood experiences consist of questions regarding mistreatment, parental relationship, emotional support, and punishment. There are eight common misconceptions about self-harm. First, people think that self-harm is synonymous with suicide. However, the intent of the act is what differentiates self-harm from suicide.

Travel & Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Travel & Tourism - Essay Example The travel, tourism and hospitality industry has been growing steadily at a rapid pace. Technology has accelerated growth in entirely different ways in the travel industry. With the Internet explosion, globalization and more people willing to travel, this industry has been evolving rapidly to cater to the customers. Information Communication Technologies and the Internet continue to revolutionize the industry. They are now being touted as major distribution agent for the entire sector. Companies are now utilizing this tool to expand their market and increase their market share by trying to better their relationship with the customer and manage it effectively. With the increasing competitiveness in the industry, mergers and acquisitions are leading the way consolidating the industry players. This paves the way for more aggressive and sustained efforts to upgrade and innovate, altering their entire business model as well if need be, to stay abreast of the competition. Successful organizations thus use technologies to add value to their existing products and to enhance profitability. Man has always travelled from bygone days and his curiosity of the unknown was the basis of the enormous travel industry today. Since means of communication plays a vital part in travel and tourism industry, modern communications systems, with special reference to computer technology, have changed the concept of travel and tourism marketing. The advents of travel agencies and streamlined retail marketing and sales networks have played their part in empowering this massive industry to move forward. Technological advances in household appliances and gadgets have offered great amounts of leisure. All these have influenced tourism by enabling people to travel more. Explosion of internet In 2003, corporate travel bookings made on the Internet compared to the conventional direct bookings by telephone, fax or through the traditional travel agent was at only 12 per cent. Nevertheless, research consultancy marketSHARE predicts that this number will skyrocket to 28 per cent by 2008. Recent industry research shows that over 64% of the population comprising over 38 million people in the UK became Internet users as of 2005. Over eighty per cent of the adult population in this country has now visited the World Wide Web. These figures put the internet usage in the UK and penetration percentages equivalent to key market like the US, where web users now represent over 80 per cent of the adult population, and ahead of Germany and France in Europe. Data Statistics can be viewed at the website Growth of online travel booking users A recent survey of more than 450 travellers in the United Kingdom by consulting firm Accenture, revealed that business travellers are becoming increasingly dependent on the Internet with some 53 per cent of the respondents booking their trips online, 90 per cent of them using the Internet to search flight times and availability, and two-thirds checking-in online. More spending online UK online shopping revenues increased by 50 percent last year and for the first time, more goods and services will be bought using credit card and debit cards than cash, according to a report published by the Association for Payment

The Left Digit Effect in Pricing Strategy Essay Example for Free

The Left Digit Effect in Pricing Strategy Essay Have you ever come across price tags that have 9 endings? Have you ever bought those merchandise with 9 endings thinking that was the best deal and ended up with an enormous bill? Do you notice that the 9 endings are usually printed in a much smaller size than the digits on the left? This is a result of a psychological concept called â€Å"The Left Digit Effect† in which people tend to pay more attention to the left-most digits than the ones on the right. The idea has been widely used for decades for its great impact on consumers’ shopping behavior. Nine endings can easily be seen everywhere: stationeries of $1. 99, $4. 99 in bookstores, cars of $2,999, $5,999 in a dealership, real estates of $199,999, $299,999 on the market. It is interesting how such a small change can make a price tag seem significantly lower than another one of just one cent or one dollar higher, as well as greatly affect consumers’ decision. Even the smartest shoppers can fall for this little trick. For a lot of times I found myself wondering why I bought goods of the best prices but ended up with a large bill. Later I realized that I had fallen victim of the usage of the left digit effect in pricing strategy. However, it is fascinating to learn about how the application of such a simple effect turns out to have a great impact on people’s mind without their even being aware of it. The left digit effect can be simply defined as people’s paying disproportionate attention to the digits on the left compare to the ones on the right. This results from human’s instinct of reading from left to right. Another possible reason is that the encoding processes in human’s mind start before people even finish reading all of the digits. They tend to think fast in order to move on with other things, so they underestimate the importance of the right digits and make the digits on the left the magnitude. Taking advantage of that, companies and producers apply the effect in pricing strategy. That was the point when 9 endings were brought into the market. One reason to account for such a wonder that the 9 endings are doing to businesses is the difficulty of adding up odd numbers. People are more familiarized with the decimal number system which consists of 10 numbers. As a consequence, the appearance of 9 endings in prices is a great change in people’s ability to do the math. They make it much harder to control the total spending as people are used to dealing with round numbers. For example, it is obviously easier to add 300 and 200 than 299 and 199, as the first one is 500 and the second one is 498. When not being able to add up the prices, people are unaware of their total spending. Most of the times, consumers just ignore the 9 endings rather than do the proper rounding. Even though the cents are seen but they are partially ignored because the brain starts encoding information immediately after the left-most digits are read. A theory proposed by Keith Coulter – Associate Professor of Marketing at Graduate School of Management, Clark University – said that the effect can be enhanced provided the cents are printed in a smaller size than the dollar part, so the cents are more likely to be ignored or partially ignored by fast-thinking customers. A common viewpoint of the effect’s psychological impact is that the 9 endings lead consumers to believe that goods are marked at the lowest price possible and that it is the best deal out there. When they check out, that is when a concept called cognitive dissonance takes effect. In other words, when having to decide between two conflicting outcomes, people have a tendency to choose the one that makes them feel happier about their choice. Ending up with a huge bill, they often defend themselves that it’s worth the money and what they bought was a good bargain. Also, 9 endings play an important role when it comes to price bands. One cent or one dollar drop can make the price appear in the lower price bands and therefore be seen by more potential customers. For instance, an old car of $1,999 will still be placed in $1,000-$2,000 price band though it’s just a dollar to the next price band. As a result, it can be seen by customers who want cars in the $1,000-$2,000 range, besides the ones who want cars above $2,000. However, the left digit effect has been proved to only work if the left-most digit changes. In other words, consumers become more sensitive to price changes when the one cent drop results the left digit of the prices to change. To clarify the idea, in a small survey which I carried out in Southeast campus of Houston Community College with 21 students, when being asked to choose between two pens of $3 and $3. 99, the participants showed no clear preference over which one they like better. However, when the prices were changed to $4 and $3. 99, 17 out of 21 participants reported that they would choose the second pen because â€Å"it was cheaper†. Although there was a whole dollar difference compare to just one cent after the change in prices, the participants become more sensitive about how much money they spend when the left-most digit changes. When the brain quickly scans the prices, the same left digits will make one think that there is no significant difference between them although it was the right digits that determine the difference. However, if the left digits change, even though the right digits make them just one cent different, the brain automatically defines a big gap between the two prices and therefore lead people to choose the one whose left digit is lower. The research has provided me with an in-depth view of the psychological impact of the left digit effect in pricing strategy. Before conducting the project, all I thought of the 9 endings was that they would make prices seem lower and therefore more appealing to potential customers. However, after doing a deep research on the topic, I’ve learned a lot more than I thought I would. I’ve learned that the effect originates from human’s thought processes itself: the brain starts encoding the information immediately before we even finish reading all of the digits, and that the 9 endings don’t always work but need an important condition for them to take effect: the left digit changes as a result of the one cent or one dollar drop . It also amazed me how people’s decision and shopping behavior are influenced and determined by such a small effect without their being aware of it, and how the application of such a little thing can do wonder to businesses. The left digit effect itself is linked with other interesting psychological effects that trigger me to search for more knowledge. Rather than just a surface learning, I was able to go deep into the root of the issue and learn about its true nature. However, I think the most important thing that I was able to learn from doing this research is how to look at familiar things in a daily routine from a psychological viewpoint and analyze them through that viewpoint.

Albert Einstein Essays -- biographies biography bio

"Great spirits have always encountered violent opposition from mediocre minds." "There are two ways to live your life. One is as though nothing is a miracle. The other is as though everything is a miracle." Albert Einstein was the first child born to Hermann and Pauline Einstein, Jewish, middle-class Germans, on March 14, 1879 at Ulm, in Wurttemberg, Germany. Albert's sister, Maria, was born in November of 1881. They remained close throughout their lives.Einstein and sister 1 The Einstein family moved to Munich in 1880 to start their own business. Albert began his secondary schooling at Luitpold-Gymnasium. In 1894, the family business failed and the family moved to Milan, Italy. Albert stayed behind in Munich to finish his education at the Gymnasium. However, Albert hated the high school he attended and a teacher recommended that he leave, as his presence encouraged students' disrespect for teachers. So, at 15, he quit school to join his family in Italy. In 1895, Albert took an entrance exam to get into the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology and failed. He studied at a Swiss school in Aurau and graduated a year later. In 1896 he returned to the Institute and graduated in 1900 as a secondary teacher of mathematics and physics. During this time he meets Mileva Maric and falls in love. He tried unsucessfully to obtain an Institute job, but failed. He eventually obtained a job at the Swiss Patent Office. The position at the Patent Office gave Albert the time to devote his thought to physics and he began publishing scientific papers. In early 1902, Lieserl, daughter of Einstein and Mileva Maric, a former fellow student, was born in Hungary. Not much is known about the life of his daughter, as she was probably gi... ...iss. In May of 1946, he became the chairman of the newly formed Emergency Committee of Atomic Scientists. Although his activity was limited by his increasing age and ill health, Einstein retained his commitment to civil liberties. By 1948, he begins to suffer problems attributed to a heart aneurysm. In 1952, Einstein was offered the postition of President of Israel, an honorific post. At peace at home in Princeton, he declined, but remained interested in public affairs. In 1955, he joined Bertrand Russell in urging scientists toward mediation between East and West and limitation of nuclear armament. Due to failing health over the previous several years and his refusal to have surgery done on his weakened heart, Albert passed away from a heart attack on April 18. His brain was donated to science, per his request and his ashes spread over a nearby river.

Circulatory Disorders- Dvt

Biology Unit 18- Assignment 4 Circulatory Disorders. Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Overview Deep Vein Thrombosis, also known as DVT is a preventable circulatory disorder which occurs when a blood clot is formed in a deep vein, they usually develop in the lower leg, thigh, or pelvis, but can also occur in the arms. DVT can cause pain and swelling and can lead to complications such as a pulmonary embolism, however DVT is preventable and if diagnosed early treatable. How DVT forms (leg vein)Veins pass through the deep tissues of the legs; there are superficial veins located just below the surface of the skin and deep veins which run between muscles. These veins transport blood from the legs and feet back up to the heart. When a thrombosis (blood clot) forms in a superficial vein the condition is known as superficial thrombophlebitis, this is different to DVT and is not as serious. DVT occurs when a thrombus builds up in these deep veins which partly or completely block the flow of blood th rough the vein.Many blood clots are so small that our bodies can gradually break them down returning the flow back to normal. However when a large blood clot occurs It can completely block the flow of blood causing swelling and tenderness (although symptoms ar e not always visible). Blood clots can become extremely dangerous If a part of it breaks off and travels up to the lungs, this is called a pulmonary embolism, it is extremely dangerous and in worst cases can cause death. People At RiskAlmost anyone can contract DVT but there are factors which can significantly increase someone’s chances of developing the condition, especially if someone has one or more of these risk factors at the same time. Below are some of the factors which could increase the risk of contracting DVT: †¢ An injury to one of the deep veins caused by a fracture, severe muscle injury or major surgery. †¢ Slow blood flow caused by paralysis, sitting for a long time (especially with legs crossed, limited movement e. g a leg cast or confinement to a bed. Increased oestrogen for example during pregnancy, when using birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy. †¢ Certain chronic medical illnesses such as Cancer and it’s treatment, heart disease and lung disease. †¢ Previous DVT or family history of the disorder. †¢ Age, obesity, smoking or blood pressure. Symptoms of DVT Small blood clots which the body can gradually break down show no symptoms however large clots which partly or completely block the bloody flow cause symptoms such as swelling to the affected area, pain or tenderness, a change in colour of the skin or skin which feels warm or hot to touch.Diagnosing DVT A GP will ask about the symptoms you have and examine the area. If they think DVT is suspected a referral to a specialist is taken into action, at hospital the following tests will be conducted. †¢ D-Dimer- A test that measures the substance which develops when a blood clot bre aks down, if the test has a negative result it is unlikely that DVT is the problem. †¢ Doppler Ultrasound- A test using sound waves to look at your blood as it flows through your blood vessels, this is the best test to detect blood clots above the knee. Venogram- This is involves injecting a special dye into the suspected vein which shows up on an X-ray. Treatment When DVT is diagnosed Anticoagulant medicines are the standard treatment, these thin the blood by changing the chemicals wi thin it, they stop new clots from forming and old ones from getting bigger. Anticoagulants can’t dissolve clots you already have as your body will do that over time. Thrombolytic medicines are also sometimes used which dissolve the blood clots, although they can cause bleeding so are not usually the most common of treatments.Compression socks are also advised to be worn (sometimes for up to two years), these ease the pain, reduce swelling and help to prevent post-thrombotic syndrome Preven table Measures At Hospital: After being assessed for the risk of DVT a healthcare team will recommend various things to prevent blood clotting. If going into hospital and the patient is taking the combined contraceptive pill, using HRT or aspirin than they would be asked to stop taking these, usually 4 weeks for contraceptive pills or HRT and one week for aspirin. During Hospital :Whilst at hospital a healthcare team can do a number of things to reduce the risk of DVT such as providing anticoagulant medicines or advising the patient to wear compression stockings helping to keep the blood in your legs circulating or having the patient wear a compression device which is worn the same way as stockings but inflates at regular intervals to squeeze your legs and encourage blood flow. When leaving hospital: If continuing treatment is necessary the patient will be asked to continue wearing compression stockings or taking anticoagulant medicines. Lifestyle:We can do several things by adaptin g our lifestyle which will considerably reduce our chances such as getting regular exercise, not smoking, keeping at a healthy weight and eating healthy Travelling: When travelling for long distances it is important to perform leg exercises and keep moving if possible, by drinking plenty of water and avoiding alcohol this will decrease the chances, wearing compression stockings can also help.References Internet: Bupa. (2009) ‘Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)’http://hcd2. bupa. co. uk/fact_sheets/html/deep_vein_thrombosis. html#2 Accessed on 20/10/10 CDC. 2010) ‘Facts about deep vein thrombosis’ http://www. cdc. gov/ncbddd/dvt/508-DVTFactSheet. pdf Accessed on 20/10/10 NHS. (2010) ‘Deep vein thrombosis’ http://www. nhs. uk/conditions/deep-vein-thrombosis/Pages/Introduction. aspx Accessed on 17/10/10 NHS. (2010) ‘Deep vein thrombosis – Prevention’ http://www. nhs. uk/Conditions/Deep-vein-thrombosis/Pages/Prevention. aspx Accessed on 18/10/10 Electronic Journal: Cayley,W. (2007) ‘Preventing deep vein thrombosis in hospital inpatients’ British Medical Journal http://www. bmj. com/content/335/7611/147. full? sid=69a2603d-597a-45dd-b164-699d873e01f5 Accessed on 22/10/10 Books: Mackean, D. (2002) Gcse Biology 3rd ed. London, UK: Hodder Education Boyle, M. (2008) Collins Advanced Science – Human Biology 3rd ed. London, UK: Collins Educational Reference Evaluation: All recourses used as a reference have been carefully selected and are reliable based upon many factors including Authors credentials, recent published dates, up to date editions and scholarly publishers. After an initial appraisal I then examined the body of the source, for example the National Health Service is politically accountable to the relevant devolved government and will always hold the most up to date and accurate information.

Participatory Notes †Concept Essay

Participatory notes are issued by FIIs to their unregistered clients who want to invest in the Indian equity market but do not want to meet the disclosure requirements to do so. Thus the modus operandi they opt for is to invest their money with the fund companies (FIIs), who will invest in Indian market on their behalf. The fund company is registered with SEBI in India and issues participatory notes to these investors as a proof of their investment. Participatory notes are instruments used by foreign funds not registered in the country to trade in the domestic market. SEBI’s Concern and rulings regarding these notes: Participatory Notes have always been a bone of contention for SEBI as the identity of the investors is not known. In 2003, there was a boom in the stock market mainly due to a lot of foreign funds. This also led to a lot of volatility in the Indian market because a lot of Investment was done through Participatory Notes. So in 2003, SEBI amended regulations relating to foreign institutional investors to incorporate a new 10 point code of conduct and inserted a clause seeking disclosure of information with regard to participatory notes. The code seeks compliance to good corporate governance standards and SEBI regulations. SEBI has clarified that there is no change in the rules relating to FIIs except for the strengthening of KYC Norms. They have also given a ruling which states that from Now on, The PNs can only be issued to Registered Entities. The actual investing parties must be registered with the regulator of their country of Incorporation. In addition, to facilitate the process of transition, derivative instruments already issued and outstanding against un-regulated entities will not be required to be terminated immediately. It has been decided that the said contracts will be permitted to expire or to be wound – down on maturity, or within a period of 5 years, whichever is earlier.